Albert Bandura, for example, used his infamous Bobo Doll experiment to show how children learn by observing others. They neglected, however, to take into account our inner monologues or thought processes.īehaviorism has since been replaced by social cognitive theories. Skinner and Pavlov believed that our behavior was learned. The theories on how behavior and thinking plays into personality have come a long way.īefore social cognitive theories, behavioral theories of personality dominated the field.
Traits may influence thoughts, perceptions, and behavior. Many psychologists would argue that personality is more than just a list of traits. Many psychologists from the 1940s and beyond have worked on this five-factor model of personality. One of the most popular ideas in trait theory is the Big Five, or OCEAN. Psychologist Hans Eysenck suggested that instead of 4,000 traits, it was best to focus on just three:Ĭlearly, there is some variation in the number of traits that psychologists feel can determine what makes a person unique. He proposed that there were over 4,000 personality traits that made someone unique. Allport was considered one of the first personality psychologists. This includes Gordon Allport’s work in the early 1900s. Many personality theories focus specifically on traits. These are all traits, or qualities and characteristics that a person may have. You might say someone is “funny” or that they’re “brave.” They’re sociable, quiet, or aggressive. How would you describe someone’s personality? These types of personality theories reflect larger fields of study within psychology, and continue to evolve today. These theories include: trait theories, behavioral theories, psychodynamic theories, and humanist theories. Most personality psychologists would identify four or five different types of personality theories.
Why Are Personality Theories Important? How Many Personality Theories Are There?
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